Chittaurgarh Fort, Rajasthan, India Week 142 December 19th 2013
                       
Still confused as to when a fortress is a fort, or a castle, or a citadel.

This one has 7 gates on the way up the hill.

The Fort was the capital of Newar, the centre of Rajput Power from 7th to 16th century.

 
Chittaurgarh.

We know how to pronaounce it as one of the toll booth operators wouldn't let us past until we completed the elocution lessons.

 
It has a cement works.
 
The Khumba Palace. 

Built 1433 - 1468. 

 
Not the single central  courtyard we have become used to.

A series of open spaces and surrounding building.

 
It hasn't fared quite as well as other buildings.
 
Columns and flat roofs.
 
Nearby is the Khumbaswamin Temple.
 
And the smaller Meer Mandir.
 
Some carvings, quite 'deep'.
 
We agreed on two hours with the tuk-tuk driver.

Should have tried three.

Trying to renegotiate was not a good idea.

This is the Vijaya Stambha.

Victory Tower.

 
A victory over the Sultan of Malwa in 1448.

Dedicated to Vishnu.

 
We climbed to the top.
 
For a view of the palace and temples we'd just visited.
 
And a school which we didn't visit.
 
The fort was conquered in 1303, 1535 by Bauadurshah from Gujurat, and 1567 by Akbar, the Mughal.

Just below here were where mass self immolations, of widows who could no longer look after themselves, occurred.

A harsh world, the practice is now illegal in India.

 
Facing the entrance of the 11th century Samadhisvara Temple is a boar.

One of Vishnu's incarnations.

We've begun to come to grips with Hinduism and the effect on Indian society.

The impeccable logic of reincarnation and good or bad karma that relegates people to a life of inequality.

 
We always wonder about water on the tops of hills.

This reservoir is still in use. There's a village of 5,000 people near the entrance at the top.

We could hear electric pumps whirring.

 
The Temple of Middhesvara was more ornate.

A single row of carvings.

We are beginning to see the differences in Indian society due to caste, region, gender, language, beliefs, occupation and ideology.

A long cup of tea with the hotel general manager's wife provided a few insights into her life.

 
Padmini was shown through a mirror to Ala-ud-din-Kualji who then ravaged Chittaur to possess her.

This is her palace.

 
There's a lake.

With the Jal Mahal.

The underlying sandstone is showing through. Slightly tilted.

The fort seems to be on one of a series of ridges.

 
Further along the eastern edge is ... Suraj Pole .... the eastern gate.
 
With a magnificent gate.
 
Fortunately with strong hinges.
 
Then the Kirti Stambha.

A Jain tower from the 12th century.

Back in about 458 AD there was a Jain cosmology written.

The Lokavibhaga.

Its the oldest known mention of the number zero, and the decimal place system (units, tens, hundres, etc).

 

 
The carvings are deeper than most weve seen.

We are beginning to recognise "Jain".

All this, in two hours!

 
Mt Abu, Rajasthan, and Patan, Gujurat, India Week 142 December 20th-22nd 2013
 
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